Obhospodarovanie trávnych porastov v horskom krajinnom celku Nízke Tatry

Grassland Management in Mountainous Area of Low Tatras Mts

Ľubomír Hanzes, Norbert Britaňák, Iveta Ilavská

In: Geografické informácie (Geographical Information), Ročník (Volume) 24, Číslo (Issue) 1, 2020, p. 127-142, ISSN 1337-9453

DOI: 10.17846/GI.2020.24.1.127-142

Abstract

The objective of this study was to propose a suitable system of management to be applied at three types of grassland at Liptovská Teplička site (895 – 1080 m above sea level), the village located within the Nízke Tatry National Park (NAPANT) in Slovakia. Three functional sites (FS) were specified at this area (FS Zálom, FS Mokraď and FS Terasy). At the sites, the soil analyses showed that the content of soil organic matter and of total nitrogen (N) was high; the content of magnesium (Mg) was good or high, even extremely high at some areas; phosphorus (P) content was low and potassium (K) content ranged from low to good levels. The investigated grassland types ranked among the following alliances: Polygono – Trisetion at FS Zálom; Calthion at FS Mokraď; Arrhenatherion at FS Terasy. The highest number of species (85) as well as of the protected and endangered taxa (8) were recorded at FS Mokraď. The grassland management system proposed for FS Zálom is based on the utilisation by cut once or twice per year and the aftermath grazing in the autumn. The timing of the first cut is very important, because it should be related to the phenophase of dominant grass species in sward. Considering the specific ecological conditions of FS Mokraď, it was proposed to utilise this site under the one-cut system with August cutting dates, when the water table is usually low and the top of soil is dry. At FS Terasy, the non-functional self-sown woody plants should be removed from sward prior to utilisation. Taking into account the phenophase of herb species and the presence of rare taxa at this site, cutting was proposed to perform once a year, preferably at a later date (late June or early July).

Keywords: functional sites, grassland management, diversity, cutting

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